Coffee trees are tolerate a wide range of soils. For example It provided that deep and well balanced for their texture. Volcanic soils are well suited for coffee.
Agricultural practices should preserve the soil fertility, which is the wealth of coffee growers. If possible increase the organic matter in the soil to promote the microbial life and the exchange capacity.
Whenever a soil is destroy it, It is observed that the coffee quality is affected therefore by contrast coffee trees. It will be healthier on a soil rich in active organic matter. They will have a better leaf area-to-fruit ratio leading to a better quality.
Soil is the main reservoir of mineral nutrients for plants. Roots grow and absorb water and nutrients according to the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil .
For most regions worldwide where coffee is cultivated. the nutritional reservoirs in soil are not sufficient to completely cover the coffee plants’ demand. it is necessary to continue ousel supply the soil in a balanced way with sufficient amounts of organic and inorganic fertilizers.
Fertilization and Coffee Quality
fertilization does influence this chemical effect and due to the final coffee quality in the cup. Among the macronutrients, those containing nitrogen and potassium are the most predominant in the bean, usually followed by calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and sulfur. The effect of iron and manganese make it to be higher than zinc.
Soil fertility
Possible effect on cup quality , Most acidic coffee are produced on volcanic soils.
Fertilization
Reduction in percentage of hollowed fruits , Chemical fertilization does not affect cup quality, Breaking down fertilization applications does not affect cup quality , Fertilization does not affect cup quality
Nitrogen fertilization
Fertilization with nitrocalcium and ammonium nitrate produced lower sensory quality. The higher dosage of ammonium sulfate had negative effects on chemical composition and bean quality , Nitrogen fertilization increased bean N content and affected negatively cup quality
Phosphorus fertilization
Cup quality was negatively affected by the omission of phosphor in the fertilization.
Potassium fertilization
High potassium-K dosage reduced boron and Zinc in the bean. Excessive dosage of that reduced quality in inconsistent manner. , Excess of potassium can induce Mg deficiencies and negatively affect coffee quality , Bean quality improved with dosage.
Micronutrients fertilization
Zinc supply positively affected bean quality in terms of less percentage of medium and small size beans. Lower CBB infestation, lower potassium leaching and electric conductivity.
Higher contents of zinc and Chlorogenic , higher antioxidant activities , Cup quality is not affected by using two sources of Micronutrients .
